| batch
processing |
Method
by which items are coded and collected into groups and then processed
sequentially in a computer, usually at a later time. Complementary
term:  interactive processing. |
| bilingualism |
The
habitual use, e.g. by a person or a community, of two languages. |
| biscriptual |
Written
or printed in two different kinds of script. See also
multiscriptual map; multiscriptual gazetteer. |
| character |
Graphic
symbol used as a unit in writing; more specifically, a graphic symbol
in a non-alphabetic writing system. Examples: Chinese # (zhong); Amharic
# (h_); Japanese Hiragana _ (no). |
| character,
modified |
Comprehensive
term for simplified character and variant character. |
| character,
simplified |
Variant
of a character which is graphically less complex than
its original form. Example: Chinese simplified characters (Jiantizi)
with fewer strokes than the corresponding traditional ones. |
| character,
variant |
Each
of two or more characters in a writing system representing
the same phonological and/or morphological
item (and if alphabetic belonging to the same typeface)
but differing in shape, e.g. according to its location in a word.
Examples: Arabic _ = _ = _ ; Hebrew _ = _. |
| character,
vowel |
In
alphabetic or syllabic script, a character,
not a marker, representing a vowel. Examples:
Roman a; Thai # (a); Korean # (a); Amharic #
(_, first vowel character). |
| choronym |
Toponym
applied to an areal feature. |
| class,
feature |
Grouping
of topographic features with similar characteristics, to facilitate
classification, search and retrieval. Example: river, creek, brook,
w_d_, etc., all classed under `stream'. |
| coded
representation |
The
representation of an item or of a feature class by an
alphanumeric or graphic code; the result of applying
a code to any member of a coded set. Examples: 0226 - main road; Ù
- mountain. |
| colloquial
language |
See
language, colloquial. |
| composite
name |
See
name, composite. |
| compound
name |
See
name, composite. |
| computer
file |
See
file, computer. |
| computer
program |
See
program, computer. |
| computer
record |
See
record, computer. |
| consonant |
One
of the two main classes of speech sounds, produced by
a constriction or closure at one or more points in the breath channel.
Examples: /b/, /c/, /d/, /f/ sounds. Complementary term: vowel. |
| consonant
letter |
See
letter, consonant. |
| consonant
script |
See
script, defective alphabetic. |
| conventional
name |
See
exonym. In English usage: the term for exonym. |
| conversion |
In
toponymy, the process of transferring the phonological
and/or morphological elements of a particular language
to another, or from one script to another. Conversion
is effected by either transcription or transliteration. |
| conversion
alphabet conversion table |
See
alphabet, conversion. Comprehensive term for transcription
key and transliteration key. See also romanization
key. |
| coordinates,
geographical |
(a)
The (spheroidal) net or graticule of lines of latitude (parallels)
numbered 0°-90° north and south of the equator, and lines of longitude
(meridians) numbered 0°-180° east and west of the international zero
meridian of Greenwich, used to define location on the Earth's surface
(disregarding altitude) with the aid of angular measure (degrees,
minutes and seconds of arc). (b) The value of a point referred to
this graticule. |
| coordinates,
rectangular |
(a)
Grid of plane coordinates consisting of two sets of straight lines
at right angles to each other and with equal units of length on both
axes, superimposed on a (chiefly) topographic map. See
also UTM grid. (b) The values of a point referred to such
a grid. |
| coordinates,
topographic |
See
coordinates, rectangular. |
| creole |
A
stable form of speech, derived from a pidgin, which has
become the sole or principal language of a speech
community. Example: Haitian creole (derived from French). |
| cultural
feature |
See
feature, man-made. |
